This research used three technical means of hollow bricks, customized bamboo basket I and customized bamboo basket II to carry out the mangrove restoration test under difficult site condition in Shenzhen Bay in 2016. The effect of plantation was evaluated in terms of colonization technology, economic cost, mangrove population characteristics and sediment environmental quality after 4 years. The results showed that 1) three technical methods in the mangrove plantation area could create an Aegiceras corniculatum restoration. The preservation rate of A. corniculatum gained over 87%. 2) The cost of the hollow brick technology was lower than those of the groups of customized bamboo basket I and customized bamboo basket II. 3) The total organic (TOC) and total phosphorus (TP) of the sediments in the mangrove planting area were significantly higher than those in the intertidal zone, which indicated that mangroves could promote the retention of organic matter and phosphorus and reduce the risk of their escape to the offshore marine environment. The conclusion is that the technical means of hollow bricks, customized bamboo basket I and customized bamboo basket II can successfully restore mangroves under the difficult site condition of Shenzhen Bay. Considering the restoration effect and economic cost, it is recommended to use hollow brick technology to restore mangrove under difficult site conditions.

In the past 20 years, mangroves have been strictly protected in China, and the area has been gradually restored through artificial afforestation. The authors reviewed the status of mangrove protection and restoration in China, summarized the problems of the present mangrove standards and proposed the existing problems, and put forward the countermeasures. The corresponding suggestions and countermeasures are as follows. 1) Develop a comprehensive technical standard plan for mangrove protection and ecological restoration in combination with the national carbon neutral strategy and mangrove protection and restoration planning goals, and speed up the introduction of national mangrove standards. 2) While compiling relevant standards for mangrove protection and restoration, attention should be paid to increase mangroves’ carbon sequestration capacity and carbon sinks. 3) Formulate standards for returning ponds to forests to fill the gaps in China. 4) Fully implement the ecological restoration principle of ‘natural restoration as the primary and artificial restoration as supplement’, and attach importance to strengthen the formulation of technical details of mangrove protection and restoration standards. 5) Mangrove professional research institutions and experts should deeply participate in the formulation and implementation of standards to improve the survival rate of afforestation.

Based on the SAR satellite imagery with short revisit periods, this paper proposes a novel SBASInSAR time series analysis technique for efficient and continuous monitoring of surface deformation in the study area. First, standard interferometric processing is carryed out with the existing SAR image set in the study area to obtain the interference map. Then the atmospheric and orbital errors are removed, and the traditional SBAS (small baseline subset) method is used to obtain the surface deformation. On this basis, when a new SAR image is added, the progressive SBAS is adopted to invert the surface deformation at the new moment. The progressive SBAS method integrates the idea of sequential adjustment based on the obtained results derived from existing data set, and combines the newly acquired data to implement incremental calculations, finally achieves the equivalent effect of overall processing. Compared with the traditional SBAS method which needs to resolve all the calculations every time when a new image is added, the progressive SBAS method can reduce redundant operations and improve computing efficiency. The experiment proves that based on the Sentinel-1 satellite SAR data acquired in the Yellow River Delta from May 2018 to August 2016, the surface deformations retrieved by the progressive SBAS method are almost the same as the results of the measured ground level. The correlation coefficient (R) is 0.82, and the difference between the ground deformation rate and the traditional SBAS method is within 1 mm/a. The solution time is shortened by about 40%, and the ground deformation can be efficiently and continuously monitored.

According to the great challenge of summarizing and interpreting the information of a long article in the summary model. A summary model (Fine-Grained Interpretable Matrix, FGIM), which is retracted and then generated, is proposed to improve the interpretability of the long text on the significance, update and relevance, and then guide to automatically generate a summary. The model uses a pair-wise extractor to compress the content of the article, capture the sentence with a high degree of centrality, and uses the compressed text to combine with the generator to achieve the process of generating the summary. At the same time, the interpretable mask matrix can be used to control the direction of digest generation at the generation end. The encoder uses two methods based on Transformer and BERT respectively. This method is better than the best baseline model on the benchmark text summary data set (CNN/DailyMail and NYT50). The experiment further builds two test data sets to verify the update and relevance of the abstract, and the proposed model achieves corresponding improvements in the controllable generation of the data set.

In order to support the scientific forest conservation policy and sustainable development, through collecting and analyzing the domestic and foreign academic literature about “Forest Transition”, this paper summarized the concept, connotation, theories, research framework, methods and impact factors, put forward the future research focus and prospect of “Forest Transition”, and proposed an integrated theoretical framework of “Forest Transition”, The main conclusions are as follows. 1) The concept of “Forest Transition” refers to the reversal trend of forest area from reduction to increase, which is the result of the mutual adaptation of socialeconomic-environment system. “Forest Transition” is the comprehensive reflection of land use. The main core issue of “Forest Transition” research is the driving factors and internal mechanism of reversal trend. 2) “Forest Transition” has the characteristics of particularity, occasionality and concurrency. It has the characteristics of nonlinear dynamics, obvious turning point and multi-dimension. 3) “Forest Transition” has many paths (economic development path, forest scarcity path, globalization path, national forest policy path, intensive of peasant land use path). At present, the mechanism of “Forest Transition” is mainly explained by relative rent of forest-land use, land quality adjustment and social-ecological feedbacks. 4) Currently, the achievements about “Forest Transition” are plentiful but still need to integrate multi-source data and methods in accordance with a more comprehensive theoretical research framework of overall analysis, follow the research line of “concept-process-mechanism-effectapplication”, focus on systematic scale synthesis and heterogeneity, expand the scope of case studies, deepen interdisciplinary research, and strengthen policy application.

Based on land use data of Zhangjiakou in 2000, 2010 and 2015, this paper investigated the spatiotemporal variation of habitat quality pattern of Zhangjiakou City by using InVEST, in order to understand the spatial patterns associated with the change of land use and habitat quality change, further introducing the geographical weighted regression (GWR) model, to quantitativly analyze the influence of cultivated land, woodland, grassland and construction land change on the evolution of habitat quality. The results showed that in the year 2000–2015, cultivated land, forest land and grassland were the main types of land use in Zhangjiakou City, during the reduction of cultivated land, forest land and construction land kept increasing, with farmland to woodland, grassland and construction land, grassland to forest landand construction land as the main transfer directions of change. During 2000–2015, Zhangjiakou City habitat quality was at a higher level overall and kept improving. Habitat quality was highest in northeast mountain area, Bashang plateau and the the Sanggan River valley region was lower, and the lowest level of habitat quality was in Yanghe River watershed. The influence of each land use type on habitat quality had significant spatio-temporal heterogeneity, and the change of forest land was positively correlated with habitat quality overall and most influential. The grassland had a positive correlation with the habitat quality, and its regression coefficient decreased from north to south. The main performance of cultivated land, construction land and habitat quality was negative correlation in space, but some area was positive correlation. The reason for the large heterogeneity of the regression coefficients in different regions lied in the different dominant types of habitat quality changes in different regions. The change of habitat quality in the plateau area and the northeast mountain area was mainly affected by woodland and grassland changes, and in Sanggan River and Yanghe River, the change of habitat quality basin for cultivated land and construction land.